英语的同义表达要善用同义词。所以在选词时要考虑主题、对象及情景。由于历史的原因，现代英语除本族语外，还包括大量的法语和拉丁来源的词，这就使英语的同义词相当丰富。牛学君为各位梳理了一些常用形容词替换词，可以有效提升托福写作水平，童鞋们赶紧背起来吧!
褒义形容词
1 表达 “重要的”important
一出口就光会说这个，你有没有想过以下这些高分的替换词汇?
(1)vital ['vaɪt(ə)l]：必不可少的;对…极重要的;生命的;维持生命所必需的
It is no doubt that the education of the youth is vital to a country.
不言而喻，青年人的教育对于一个国家的未来是至关重要的。
(2)crucial ['kruːʃ(ə)l]：至关重要的;关键性的
The requirement upon listening skill has always been a crucial part of English acquisition.
听力技能的要求一直是英语习得的重要一环。
(3) prominent ['prɒmɪnənt]：重要的;著名的;杰出的;显眼的
Archimedes had a very prominent saying: give me a fulcrum and I can pry up the whole earth.
阿基米德有句名言：给我一个支点，我可以撬起整个地球。
(4)cardinal ['kɑːd(ɪ)n(ə)l]： 最重要的，最基本的;n. 基数;枢机主教;纯数;红衣凤头鸟(见于北美，雄鸟为鲜红色)
Every one suspects himself of at least one of the cardinal virtues.
每个人都认为他自己至少有一种主要的品德。
2 优秀的 good
(1)excellent ['eks(ə)l(ə)nt]：优秀的;杰出的;极好的;(用以表示愉快或赞同)好极了
It takes years of hard work to be an excellent interpreter.
要成为一名优秀的口译员，要经过多年的艰苦努力。
(2)outstanding [aʊt'stændɪŋ]：杰出的;尚待解决的;突出的
The girl who won the scholarship was quite outstanding.
得奖学金的女孩是相当优秀的。
(3) extraordinary [ɪkˈstrɔːdnri]：意想不到的;令人惊奇的;奇怪的;不平常的
The virtue of a man ought to be measured not by his extraordinary exertions, but by his everyday conduct.
一个人的品德不是通过非凡的发挥测量，而是通过他日常行为而定。
(4) remarkable [rɪ'mɑːkəb(ə)l]：非凡的;奇异的;显著的;引人注目的
The walk down Broadway, then as now, was one of the remarkable features of the city.
漫步百老汇大街，在当时也和现在一样，是这个城市引人注目的特色之一。
3 有趣的 interesting
(1)amusing [ə'mjuːzɪŋ]： 有意思的，好玩儿的
She told us about some of the amusing incidents of her holiday.
她给我们讲她在假期里的趣事。
(2) entertaining [entə'teɪnɪŋ]：有趣的;娱乐的;使人愉快的
The children staged an entertaining puppet show.
孩子们表演了一场十分有趣的木偶戏。
(3) engaging [ɪn'geɪdʒɪŋ]：有趣的;令人愉快的;迷人的
His engaging personality made him popular with his peers.
他迷人的个性使他深受同龄人的喜爱。
4 有活力的 energetic
(1) dynamic [daɪ'næmɪk]：充满活力的;活跃的;精力充沛的;不断变化的
Mr. Mason was quite alive now, interrogative, dynamic and a bit dictatorial in his manner, even to his old friend.
梅森先生精神抖擞，象在盘问似的，精力很充沛，那神情，仿佛对他的老朋友也有些专断。
(2) vigorous ['vɪg(ə)rəs]：充满活力的;充满激情的;激烈的;精力旺盛的
The whiteness of her skin under the caress of this hale vigorous morning light was dazzling, pure, of a fineness beyond words.
在这强劲有力的晨光的爱抚下，她那雪白的皮肤白得叫人耀眼，又那么细洁，说不出的娇嫩。
(3) animated ['ænɪmeɪtɪd]：有生气的;活跃的;热烈的;兴致勃勃的
His observations gave rise to an animated and lively discussion.
他的言论引起了一场气氛热烈而活跃的讨论。
5 充足的 abundant
(1) ample ['æmp(ə)l]：足够的;丰裕的;丰满的;硕大的
Going to bed early will give you ample rest and will help you rise early.
早点去睡能给你充分的休息，以及早起的可能。
(2) plentiful ['plentɪfʊl]：大量的;众多的;充足的;丰富的
There, by a close application to business as a merchant, he acquired a plentiful fortune in a few years.
在那儿，他专心经商，几年之后，挣了一大笔钱。
(3) generous ['dʒen(ə)rəs]：慷慨的;大方的;慷慨给予的;丰富的
It was generous of her to lend me so much money.
她慷慨地借给我这么多钱。
6 勇敢的 brave
(1) courageous [kə'reɪdʒəs]：勇敢的;无畏的
It is courageous of you to tell us the truth .
你很勇敢，告诉了我们事实。
(2) bold [bəʊld]：大胆自信的;敢于表白情感的;敢于冒险的;明显的 n.粗体，加粗
It was about this time I conceived the bold and arduous project of arriving at moral perfection.
大约这时，我心中形成了一个大胆而又艰巨的计划，要使道德达到至善至美的境地。
(3) fearless ['fɪəlɪs]：不怕的;无畏的;大胆的
Fearlessness stems from selflessness. ; Only the selfless can be fearless.
无私故能无畏。
7 合理的 reasonable
(1) sound [saʊnd]：明智的;合理的;正确的;可靠的
She gave me some very sound advice.
她给了我一些非常合理的建议。
(2)rational ['ræʃ(ə)n(ə)l]：合理的;理性的;明智的;理智的
There is no rational explanation for his actions.
对他的所作所为无法作出合理的解释。
(3) sensible ['sensɪb(ə)l]：明智的;理智的;合理的;切合实际的
It would seem more sensible to apply standards flexibly rather than rigidly.
灵活地运用标准比死守标准会显得更合情合理。
8 著名的 famous
(1) renowned [rɪ'naʊnd]：有名的;闻名的;受尊敬的
She became renowned for her elegant designs in fitted dresses for the modern woman .
她以雅致合身的现代女性服装设计而出名。
(2) noticeable ['nəʊtɪsəb(ə)l]：值得注意的;明显的;显而易见到
There's been a noticeable improvement in her handwriting.
她的书写有了明显提高。
(3) notable ['nəʊtəb(ə)l]：值得注意的;显著的;重要的
It is notable that the business spa differs from its traditional counterpart in two main respects.
值得注意的是，商务水疗与传统水疗在两个主要方面有着不同。
9 有益的 helpful
(1) favorable ['feɪvərəbl]：有利的;赞许的;优惠的
He made a favorable impression on her father.
他给她的父亲留下了很好的印象。
(2) beneficial [benɪ'fɪʃ(ə)l]：有益的;受益的;有利于
It can be beneficial to share your feelings with someone you trust.
向自己信任的人倾诉感情是很有益处的。
(3)rewarding [rɪ'wɔːdɪŋ]：值得做的;有益的;报酬高的
It is a very rewarding exercise to work this out oneself.
独自解决这个问题是一次受益匪浅的锻炼。
中性形容词
1 许多 many
(1) numerous ['njuːm(ə)rəs]：许多的;众多的;为数众多的
There are numerous reasons why . . . , and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones.
有许多原因可以解释为什么…。我在此只探讨几个最重要的。
(2) a host of：很多
I believe that this view is mistaken and that it leads to a host of entirely unnecessary difficulties.
我相信这种看法是错误的，而且它导致一大堆完全不必要的困难。
(3) multitude of：许多;很多;大量的
These things now, as memory played over them, resolved themselves into a multitude of scenes and figures.
现在，这一切在回忆中幻化成了无数的场景和形象。
(4) plenty of : 许多;大量的;充足的
There's plenty of research showing that this is one of the best ways to trim your food budget.
很多研究显示，这是减少食物预算的最好方法。
2 不同的 different
(1)various ['veərɪəs]: 各种不同的;各种各样的;具有多种特征的;多姿多彩的
These data have been collected from various sources.
这些数据是从各方面搜集来的。
(2) a variety of: 各种各样的;多种多样的;多种的
A great number of enzyme and bacterial preparations with a wide variety of trade names have been marketed as agents.
各种各样的商品牌号的酵素和细菌制品，已经作为试剂销售。
(3) diverse [daɪ'vɜːs]: 不同的;相异的;多种多样的;形形色色的
People hold diverse attitudes toward these new regulations.
人们对于这些新规定抱有不同的态度。
3 普遍的 common
(1) commonplace ['kɒmənpleɪs]: 平凡的;普通的;普遍的
Mobile telephony is now commonplace around the world.
移动电话在世界各地现在很常见。
(2) universal [juːnɪ'vɜːs(ə)l]: 普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的
She had explained to me that the White Tara was the goddess of universal compassion.
她对我说，白度母是普度众生的慈悲的女神。
(3) pervasive [pə'veɪsɪv]: 遍布的;充斥各处的;弥漫的
It is the most pervasive compound on earth.
它是地球上最普遍的化合物。
4 唯一的 only
(1) solely ['səʊllɪ]: 独自地;唯一地;仅仅
Success should not be measured solely by educational achievement.
成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。
(2) unique [juː'niːk]: 唯一的;独一无二的;独特的;罕见的
Catering culture, which has always been a symbol of social progress and civilization, has unique aesthetic value.
服饰文化是社会文明的标志之一，具有独特的审美价值。
(3) merely ['mɪəlɪ]: 仅仅，只不过
You are merely reciting facts that you have learned by rote.
你只是在背诵自己死记硬背下来的东西。
5 贫穷的 poor
(1) needy ['niːdɪ]：缺乏生活必需品的;贫困的;缺乏自信的;需要精神支持的
Needy and handicapped people depend on government relief for their support.
穷人和残疾人依靠政府的救济维持生计。
(2) impoverished [ɪm'pɒvərɪʃt]：赤贫的;不名一文的;贫乏的;贫瘠的
The rural people have been impoverished by a collapsing economy.
经济崩溃使农村地区的人们一贫如洗。
(3) in poverty：贫困;在贫困之中;在贫困中
He was bred up in poverty.
他是在贫苦的生活环境中长大的。
6 富裕的 rich
(1) wealthy ['welθɪ]：富有的;富裕的;富饶的
All of them came from wealthy, upper class families.
他们全部来自富有的上流社会家庭。
(2) well-heeled ['wel'hi:ld]：有钱的;有钱人;生活条件比较好的人
The well-heeled people helped rebuild the countryside road.
富人帮助重建了乡村的道路。
Both families are reasonably well-heeled and comfortably-off.
两家人都相当富有，都生活得很舒适。
(3) well-to-do：小康的;宽裕;经济宽裕
She comes from a well-to-do family.
她出身于一个小康之家。
7 大的 big
(1) vast [vɑːst]：辽阔的;巨大的;庞大的;大量的
The vast variety of his knowledge enabled him to adorn and light up every subject on which he touched.
他学识渊博，能把每一个话题讲得轻松愉快、妙趣横生。
The pollution has already turned vast areas into a wasteland.
污染已经使大片地区沦为不毛之地。
(2) massive ['mæsɪv]：巨大的;大而重的;结实的;非常严重的
He turned about, the moonlight showing like a layer of snow upon his massive shoulders.
他回过身子，月光像层雪似的披覆在他那宽大的肩膀上。
(3) enormous [ɪ'nɔːməs]：巨大的;大量的;庞大的
There can be a pension, not enormous but sufficient, for her sister for the remainder of her life.
可能有一笔抚恤金，数目不算很大，但足够给她姐姐颐养天年。
The enormous difficulty makes him cynical about the feasibility of the idea.
巨大的困难让他对这个主意是否可行持怀疑态度。
8 新的 new
(1) brand-new：全新的;新制的;暂新的
They find themselves in different spaces, everything is all brand new.
他们在不同的空间寻找自我，每件事都是全新的。
(2) fresh [freʃ]：新鲜的;新产的;刚摘的;新近的
The company set to make a fresh start under a new broom.
公司准备在新任领导的带领下开创新局面。
(3) novel ['nɒv(ə)l]：新颖的;与众不同的;珍奇的
It is hardly to be believed that this remarkable "novel in tones" was conceived by a young man.
令人难以相信的是，就是这个年轻人构思出了这部非凡的“音乐小说”。
贬义形容词
1 有害的 harmful
(1) damaging ['dæmɪdʒɪŋ]：造成破坏的;有害的;损害的
Many chemicals have a damaging effect on the environment.
许多化学物质都对环境有破坏性的影响。
(2) ruinous ['ruːɪnəs]：耗资巨大的;无法承担的;破坏性的;导致严重问题的
The decision has proved to be ruinous.
事实证明这个决定造成了危害。
(3) destructive [dɪ'strʌktɪv]：破坏性的;极其危险的
The city witnessed the destructive force of the storm.
这座城市遭受了这场暴风雨的巨大破坏力。
2 困难的 difficult
(1) demanding [dɪ'mɑːndɪŋ]：要求高的;需要高技能(或耐性等)的;费力的;要求极严的
He found he could no longer cope with his demanding job.
他发现自己已无力应对这份劳神费力的工作了。
(2) laborious [lə'bɔːrɪəs]：耗时费力的;辛苦的
They had the laborious task of cutting down the huge tree.
他们要完成砍伐大树的艰苦工作。
(3) formidable ['fɔːmɪdəb(ə)l]：可怕的;令人敬畏的;难对付的
A formidable prospect lies ahead of him.
他的前景令人忧惧。
He took on the formidable task of reforming the whole system.
他承担起改革整个系统的艰巨任务。
3 无聊的 boring
(1) dull [dʌl]：枯燥无味的;沉闷的;无聊的;不明亮的
The conference was deadly dull.
会议开得死气沉沉的。
(2) tiresome ['taɪəs(ə)m]：令人厌倦的;无聊的;累人的
I find it very tiresome doing the same job day after day.
日复一日做相同的工作让我觉得非常无聊。
(3) tedious ['tiːdɪəs]：冗长的;啰唆的;单调乏味的;令人厌烦的
He that can read and meditate will not find his evenings long or life tedious.
会读书和思考的人不会感到长夜无聊或者生活乏味。
4 忧虑的 worried
(1) anxious ['æŋ(k)ʃəs]：忧虑的;渴望的;焦急的
I'm anxious for her to do as little as possible.
我盼她尽量少干。
He was anxious about the enormity of the task ahead.
他为眼前任务的艰巨性而感到焦虑。
(2) apprehensive [æprɪ'hensɪv] 忧虑的;担心的;疑惧的;恐惧的
She was deeply apprehensive that something might go wrong.
她很担心可能要出什么差错。
The long delay had made me quite apprehensive.
长时间的耽搁使我相当忧虑。
(3) fraught [frɔːt] 充满(不愉快事物)的;焦虑的;忧虑的;担心的
You're looking very fraught, Mildred! Is there anything the matter?
米尔德丽德!看起来你忧心忡忡，有什么不对劲吗?
It has been a somewhat fraught day.
这是令人颇为担忧的一天。
5 沮丧的 sad
(1)depressed [dɪ'prest] 抑郁的;沮丧的;意志消沉的;患抑郁症的
The news that he had not pass the exam depressed him a lot.
没有通过考试的消息让他很沮丧。
She felt very depressed about the future.
她感到前途无望。
(2) gloomy ['gluːmɪ] 黑暗的;阴暗的;幽暗的;忧郁的
The light is gloomy in the farm house , but the children study very very conscientiously .
农舍里光线灰暗，但孩子们学习很很认真。
They found him in gloomy, downbeat mood.
他们发现他情绪低落，无精打采。
(3) frustrated [frʌ'streɪtɪd] 挫败的;失意的;受挫折
The police frustrated the bandit's attempt to rob the bank.
警方挫败了匪徒抢劫银行的企图。
6 怀疑的 doubtful
(1) skeptical ['skeptɪkəl] 怀疑地;心存疑惑地;将信将疑地
However, I encourage you to be skeptical about what I tell you.
但是，我鼓励你们怀疑我所告诉你们的东西。
Many were skeptical about this solution.
许多人对这一解决办法表示怀疑。
(2) suspicious [sə'spɪʃəs] 感觉可疑的;怀疑的;令人怀疑的;不信任的
The ingenuous person had never thought of being suspicious of what others told him.
天真的人从来不会怀疑他人告诉他的话。
Most organizations are, quite understandably, suspicious of new ideas.
大多数机构对新想法持怀疑态度，这不难理解。
(3) incredulous [ɪn'kredjʊləs]
She gave me an incredulous glance.
她表示怀疑地向我瞥了一眼。
