按题材划分，独立任务属于议论文，而论点、理由、论据、结论和论证是议论文的五个要素。具体来说，“论点”是文章的核心，“理由”是论点成立的依据，两者构成因果关系;“论据”是对理由的具体解释，多为事例;“结论”是对观点的重申，两者一脉相承、头尾呼应;而整个写作过程就是一个“论证”的过程。

要想作文得高分，这五要素就必须面面俱到，如此才能写出结构严谨、条理清晰的高分作文。

1、开头

Sample one(适用于有一些背景or有一个中心词而且编得出来那个quotation的所有情况(二选一，agree or disagree,除了个别);

On contemporary society(一般的背景)/ With the advent of the technologically advanced society (the information explosive era(与科技有关的背景)，XX(中心词) serves as a catalyst for our future success/ XX is synonymous with knowledge and the road to success/XX plays an essential/increasingly important role in…/XX is enjoying an increasingly high popularity among people./很简单的一句背景 , However, people (universities, government, citizen, society, government,) are/is invariably faced with such a question/ can’t help wondering:改写题目1.Confucian (Yu Qiuyu, Mark Twain, William Shakespeare), (one of) the greatest and most influential Chinese philosophers (scholars, educators, writers, thinkers, statesmen), has insightfully commented, “___编____”I cling to an unshakeable belief that his comment gives the answer to this question:改写题目2.
Among countless factors which contribute to my position are following conspicuous ones(最后一定排比结尾,且如果字数够了这一句就不要).
要做的：想一句简单的背景+编一句名言+改写两次题目

Sample two：(如果sample one的名言编不出来或者不适合编如leisure time，就用下面的)

On contemporary society(一般的背景)/ With the advent of the technologically advanced society (the information explosive era(与科技有关的背景))/ On account of …，XX(中心词) serves as a catalyst for our future success/ XX is synonymous with knowledge and the road to success/XX plays an essential/increasingly important role in… /XX is enjoying an increasingly high popularity among people./ 很简单的一句背景( 如so…that…/not only…but also). However，when it comes to the choice between AA and BB/When asked about whether改写题目1, people get into a dilemma. According to my personality and experiences/As far as I am concerned/From my perspective, I cling to an unshakeable belief that改写题目2.以下最后决定怎样写：Among countless factors which contribute to my position are following conspicuous ones(最后一定排比结尾)/AA not only…but also(2)/There are various merits AA brings about, first of all, to…; secondly, to…;and lastly…(3).

要做的：想一句简单的背景+改写两次题目+总起(最后写)

2、分点一：分层论证

Basic to any understanding of the benefits we can get from
_______ is that__________/ First and foremost,
On one hand_________, On the other hand_________
Besides/ What’s more/ In addition.

这一段主要说理，在分论点里可以加一些小的例子细节，重点是要用一些精华句子!

3、分点二：举例论证

Further lending credence to my position is that____________
(简单阐述/例子字不够就多讲点废话)I can think of no better illustration than the example of(典型例子)/ A case in point is that(不是很典型)________,…..(例子见后面)

一句话总结例子：As a result,强调句/倒装句/表利弊的句型/反面论证如果没有会怎样

4、让步段：

Agree or disagree: Admittedly,_____,to some extent, may directly or indirectly ____ /has its undeniable detriments. For instance, _______
However, the valuable merits of_______ considerably overshadow the drawbacks/ on no account________./

二选一：Admittedly, BB also has certain merits which deserve some words here. For example, ____(字数不够就多讲点) However，BB 的缺点或AA也可以做到. Compared with AA, (which 可以总结所有优点或针对BB的一方面, )it pales.

5、结尾段：

Therefore, due to the above mentioned reasons, which sometimes correlate with each other to form an organic whole and thus become more persuasive than any single one of them(字不够了用), I reinforce my stand point that 改写题目3
Only via(by/through /with/when/after) ___can we__________;
only via(by/through /with/when/after) ___can we________;
and only via(by/through /with/when/after)___can we_______
Or It is A that...;it is A that...;and it is A that...(不好写或显得累赘就不要了)

范文： 【2013.4.14】

Which of the following do you think contributes the most to an enjoyable vacation?
Good Food
Good Location
Good Friends to travel with

When going on a vacation, a variety of factors can contribute to the overall quality of your experience. For me, the three biggest contenders are good food, good friends, and good location. However, if I had to go with just one, good location would win hands down.
When I travel, the first thing I'm looking to do is broaden my horizons. Food is certainly one way to do that, but it only constitutes a small part of how we can experience foreign cultures. And friends are surely great for the company, but they can also keep your mindset trapped in familiar territory while abroad. That's why food and friends are really secondary considerations for me while traveling. After college I backpacked alone through South America, and while I thoroughly enjoyed the food and longed for some familiar faces now and then, the most salient and enjoyable part of the experience was becoming immersed in a totally foreign location.
Actually, I'd go as far as to say that the experience would've been less enjoyable had I brought any friends with me. That's because when I'm visiting new places, I'm also looking to meet new people; traveling with friends can be great, but traveling alone really forces you to step out of your comfort zone and mingle with strangers. I had actually planned the South American journey months before with a friend of mine, but something came up and she was forced to drop out. The first few days after landing were terrifying. I'd never traveled alone before, and could hardly choke out two words of Spanish. But after a few torturous days of hanging around the hostel, I couldn't stomach the boredom anymore; I decided that I'd force myself to learn Spanish and talk to the locals. The next 2 months gave me some of the most memorable experiences of my life.
Finally, while most people take vacations as an opportunity to relax, I like to take them as an opportunity to challenge myself. Good food and good friends are great for relaxing, but they're not priorities if I'm seeking to push my individual boundaries. A good location, however, can provide a worthwhile challenge that food and friends alone will not--my 2 months in South America thoroughly convinced me of that. Learning a new language, meeting new people, learning to live with only what I could fit into a backpack--these were the challenges that this new location threw at me. Even today, I still consider the experience an important part of my coming-of-age.

These are the reasons why good location comes first for me. Now, don't get me wrong--I love good food as much as the next person. And you can bet my friends will tell you how much I cherish each and every one of them. But good food and good friends will both be waiting for me when I get back at home. Vacation is for getting away, and for that, a good location is crucial.

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